Seaweed as Ink free essay sample

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Background of the Study: For the past years, we, the proponents, noticed that the prices of products sold on stores keeps on increasing due to the unstable price of oil. We all know that life becomes harder and harder, and the products of our prime commodities and bills that we need to pay keeps on increasing. We also know that in our time today, we have to save money for our near future and for emergency cases. There are some ways to avoid spending too much money. One of those ways is to recycle. Recycling is common to us, people, nowadays. We recycle not just to help to reduce the number of trash dumped in the dumpsite, but also to use that trash in another useful way. Another way to avoid spending much is to use our natural resources. A good example for that is our project. If our markers will ran out of ink, we don’t need to buy a new one, because all we have to do is use seaweed and mix it with the other materials stated in Chapter 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Seaweed as Ink or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Because of this project, we can save more and spend less. Statement of the Problem: Most people in school, particularly the students and the teachers, needs markers for our reports, projects, and etc. But one of the problems in using markers is they ran out of ink easily. Because of that, we need to buy again a new one, since no one or no store sells refill inks for markers. But the question is- how can we make refill ink for our markers in a cheaper way? Can our natural resources help us in this situation? Significance of the Study: This study is important because it can help us in spending less money. The persons who can get most the benefit of this study are the teachers and the students, because due to this project, they can save money for our other needs. If the project is already done, we, the one who uses markers, will be able to avoid spending too much on markers. Review of Related Literature: Seaweed is a loose, colloquial term encompassing macroscopic, multi cellular, benthic marine algae. The term includes some members of the red, brown and green algae. This can also be used as food, medicine, fertilizer, industrial and etc. Seaweed is the kingdom Protista and may belong to one of several groups of multi cellular algae: the red algae, green algae, and brown algae. As these three groups are not thought to have a common multi cellular ancestor, the seaweeds are a polyphyletic group. In addition, some forming blue-green algae are sometimes considered as seaweed is a colloquial term and lacks a formal definition. Two specific environmental requirements dominate seaweed ecology. These are the presence of seawater (or at least brackish water) and the presence of light sufficient to drive photosynthesis. Another common requirement is a firm attachment point. As a result, seaweeds most inhabit the littoral zone and within that zone more frequently on rocky shores than on sand or shingle. Seaweeds occupy a wide range of ecological niches. The highest elevation is only wetted by the tops of sea spray. The lowest is several meters deep. In some areas, littoral seaweeds can extend several miles out to sea. The limiting factor in such cases is sunlight availability. The deepest living seaweeds are some species of red algae. A number of species such as sargassum have adapted to a fully plank tonic niche and are free-floating, depending on gas-filled sacs to maintain an acceptable depth. Others have adapted to live in tidal rock pools. In this habitat seaweeds must withstand rapidly changing temperature and salinity and even occasional drying. Lewis, J. R 1964. The ecology of rock shores. Seaweed has a variety of purposes, for which it is formed, or foraged from the wild. At the beginning of 2011, Indonesia produced 3 million tonnes of seaweed and surpassed Philippines as the worlds largest seaweed producer. By 2012 the production will hit 10 million tonnes. Operational Definition: Seaweed is a loose, colloquial term encompassing macroscopic, multi cellular, benthic marine algae. The term includes some members of the red, brown and green algae. This can also be used as food, medicine, fertilizer, industrial and etc. Seaweed is the kingdom Protista and may belong to one of several groups of multi cellular algae: the red algae, green algae, and brown algae. As these three groups are not thought to have a common multi cellular ancestor, the seaweeds are a polyphyletic group. In addition, some forming blue-green algae are sometimes considered as seaweed is a colloquial term and lacks a formal definition. Two specific environmental requirements dominate seaweed ecology. These are the presence of seawater (or at least brackish water) and the presence of light sufficient to drive photosynthesis. Another common requirement is a firm attachment point. As a result, seaweeds most inhabit the littoral zone and within that zone more frequently on rocky shores than on sand or shingle. Seaweeds occupy a wide range of ecological niches. The highest elevation is only wetted by the tops of sea spray. The lowest is several meters deep. In some areas, littoral seaweeds can extend several miles out to sea. The limiting factor in such cases is sunlight availability. The deepest living seaweeds are some species of red algae. A number of species such as Sargassum have adapted to a fully plank tonic niche and are free-floating, depending on gas-filled sacs to maintain an acceptable depth. Extract is a substance made by extracting a part of a raw material, often by using a solvent such as ethanol or water. Extracts may be sold as tinctures or in powder form. Marker pen is a felt-tipped pen used for drawing and/or coloring. Ink is a liquid or paste that contains pigments and/or dyes and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing and/or writing with a pen, brush, or quill. Thicker inks, in paste form, are used extensively in letterpress and lithographic printing. Ink can be a complex medium, composed of solvents, pigments, dyes, resins, lubricants, solubilizers, surfactants, particulate matter, fluoresces, and other materials. The components of inks serve many purposes; the ink’s carrier, colorants, and other additives control flow and thickness of the ink and its appearance when dry. Scope and Limitations: This study focuses in making ink for markers that will cost less than buying a new marker. This study can help us in saving money.